Сөз бостандығы мен ақпараттық гигиена – демократияның ең басты критерийі
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26577/HJ.2021.v61.i3.07Аннотация
Сөз бостандығының қоғамдық қарым-қатынастарды қалыптастырудағы орны мен қызметі, оған әсер етуші факторлар, сөз бостандығының құқықтық мәселелері журналистика саласындағы өзекті мәселелерге жатады. Журналистикада ақпаратты ұсынудың тәсілдері арқылы қоғамдық дамуға әсер ету құбылыстары да маңызды. Адам құқықтарының қорғалуы мен іске асырылуы, бұқаралық ақпарат құралдары арқылы қамтамасыз етілуі ақпараттың ашықтығымен байланысты. Оның өзегі – төртінші биліктің бостандығы, сөз бостандығы.
Мақаланың мақсаты – сөз бостандығының ғылыми негізделген анықтамасын қарастырып, сөз бостандығының қоғам дамуындағы қажеттілігін, адамның конституциялық және өзге де құқықтарын қамтамасыз етудегі қызметін айқындау, ақпарат бостандығының іске асырылуына әсер етуші факторларды көрсету, ақпаратты жеткізу тәсілдеріне талдау жасап, ақпараттық гигиенаның, ақпаратты дұрыс қолданудың демократиялық қоғамның критерийі ретіндегі қызметін дәлелдеу.
Зерттеу жұмысының ғылыми және практикалық құндылығына сөз бостандығы, ақпарат бостандығы, ақпарат беру тәсілдері, ақпараттық гигиена ұғымдары туралы ғылыми тұжырым жасалып, олардың қоғамдық қарым-қатынастарды өзгертудегі қызметі дәлелденеді. Мақалада ақпарат беруде коммуникация тілі қолданылып, оның барлық функционалдық қызметтері пайдалнылатыны туралы түсінік беріледі.
Тақырыпты талдау барысында сипаттау, бақылау және салыстыру сияқты эмпирикалық тәсілдермен қатар, шетелдік ғалымдардың еңбектеріндегі тұжырымдарға негізделген теориялық әдістер қолданылды.
Ғылыми мақаланың басты нәтижесі – сөз бостандығының өзектілігі, ақпарат берудің журналистиканың маңызды құралы болып саналатыны дәлелденген. Ақпарат берудің түрлері мен тәсілдері талданады. Осылайша, дерек пен дәйекті бүкпесіз, дәл жеткізудің қажеттілігі, ақпараттық гигиенаны сақтаудың дұрыстығы көрсетілді. Зерттеу жұмысының қорытындысында сөз бостандығы ақпаратты бүкпесіз жеткізудің кепілі деген тұжырым жасалады.
Түйінді сөздер: сөз бостандығы, ақпарат ағыны, ақпараттың берілуі, ақпараттық гигиена, психолингвистикалық көрініс, медиакеңістік, журналистік құрал.
Библиографиялық сілтемелер
1. «Орысша-қазақша заңдық түсіндірме сөздік-анықтамалық. – Алматы: Жеті жарғы, 2008. ["Russian-Kazakh legal Explanatory Dictionary-reference book. - Almaty: Zheti zhargy, 2008].
2. Әшірбаев Б. Поэзия – бұл еліктемеуге еліктеу // Қазақ әдебиеті, 22 қараша, 2020. [Ashirbayev B. poetry is an imitation of non-imitation / / Kazakh literature, November 22, 2020].
3. Bagdikian B. The New Media Monopoly. – Boston : Beacon Press, 2004.
4. Banda F.Critical review of media development measurements: What are we measuring? In: Measuring Change II. Expanding Knowledge on Monitoring & Evaluation in Media Development / Jannusch A.S., Lansner T.R., eds. Bad Honnef, 12-14 October 2009. P. 39.
5. Burgess J. Evaluating the Evaluators: Media Freedom Indexes and What They Measure. Wayback Machine. National Endowment for Democracy, 2010.
6. Eryomin Alexey. (2020) Information Hygiene: Modern Approaches to Hygienic Evaluation of Content and Physical Signals of Information Carriers / Информационная гигиена: современные подходы к гигиенической оценке контента и физических сигналов носителей информации //https : // www.researchgate.net /publication/341235076 _Information_ Hygiene_ Modern_Approaches_to_Hygienic_Evaluation_of_Content_and_Physical_Signals_of_Information_Carriers_Informacionnaa_gigiena_sovremennye_podhody_k_gigieniceskoj_ocenke_kontenta_i_fizice. Kuban State Medical University.
7. Freedom of expression in Europe. Case-law concerning Article 10 of the European Convention on Human rights, 2007.
8. Freedom of speech the mass media (media) and the publicity of proceedings (2012) // https://sud.gov.kz/eng/content/freedom-speech-mass-media-media-and-publicity-proceedings
9. Gitlow v. New York, 268 U.S. 652 (1925) // https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/268/652/
10. Gitlow v. New York, 268 U.S. 652 (1925); Whitney v. California, 274 U.S. 357 (1927). The Brandeis and Holmes dissents in both cases were important formulations of speech and press principles. // https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution-conan/amendment-1/freedom-of-expression-speech-and-press#fn383amd1
11. Hallin D., Mancini P. Comparing Media Systems: Three Models of Media and Politics. New York : Cambridge UP, 2004.
12. Heyman S. Free Speech and Human Dignity. – Yale UP, 2008.
13. Information Hygiene: How Not to Contribute to a Culture of Clutter (2020) // https://gongos.com/thinking-post/information-hygiene-how-not-to-contribute-to-a-culture-of-clutter/
14. Keane J. Democracy and Media Decadence. – Cambridge UP, 2013.
15. Kramer M. Objectivity and The Rule of Law. – Cambridge UP, 2007.
16. Macovei M.Freedom of expression. A guide to the implementation of Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights, 2004.
17. Rosen J.A. Privacy, Property, and Free Speech: Law and the Constitution in the 21st Century. The George Washington University, 2013.
18. Schudson M. The Objectivity Norm in American Journalism // Journalism. 2001. – V. 2 (2). P. 149–170.
19. Sztompka P. Trust: A Sociological Theory. – Cambridge UP, 1999.
20. Taylor Ch. Modern Social Imaginaries. – Duke UP, 2004.
21. Yvonne M Burns. (1997) Freedom of expression under the new constitution // https://www.jstor.org/stable/23250307
22. Батурин Ю.М., Федотов М.А. Феноменология юридического чуда: монография. – М.: РОССПЭН, 2012. [Baturin Yu. M., Fedotov M. A. The phenomenology of the legal miracle: monograph. - M.: ROSSPEN, 2012].
23. Исаев Р.А., Боренов А.Ю. Свобода слова в России в условиях противодействия экстремизму // Теория и практика общественного развития. – 2015. – № 23. – С. 95–97. [Isaev R. A., Borenov A. Yu. Freedom of speech in Russia in the context of countering extremism // Theory and practice of social development. - 2015. - No. 23. - pp. 95-97].
24. Кашкин С.Ю. Правовое регулирование применения технологий искусственного интеллекта и робототехники как формирующаяся новая комплексная отрасль права в наиболее репрезентативных государствах и международных интеграционных объединениях: постановка проблемы // Вестник Российского нового университета. Серия: Человек и общество. – 2019. – № 3. – С. 134–144. [Kashkin S. Yu. Legal regulation of the use of artificial intelligence and robotics technologies as an emerging new complex branch of law in the most representative states and international integration associations: problem statement // Bulletin of the Russian New University. Series: Man and society. - 2019. - No. 3. - pp. 134-144].
25. Кириленко В.П., Алексеев Г.В. Актуальные проблемы противодействия преступлениям экстремистской направленности // Всероссийский криминологический журнал. – 2018. – Т. 12. – № 4. – С. 561–571. [Kirilenko V. P., Alekseev G. V. Actual problems of countering extremist crimes / / All-Russian Journal of Criminology. - 2018. - Vol. 12. - No. 4 – - pp. 561-571].
26. Кириленко В.П., Алексеев Г.В. Легитимность демократии в работах Макса Вебера и Карла Шмитта // Правоведение. 2018. – Т. 62, – № 3. – С. 501–517. [Kirilenko V. P., Alekseev G. V. The legitimacy of democracy in the works of Max Weber and Karl Schmitt // Jurisprudence. 2018. - Vol. 62, - No. 3. - pp. 501-517].
27. Кириленко В.П., Алексеев Г.В. Политические технологии и международный конфликт в информационном пространстве Балтийского региона // Балтийский регион. – 2018. – Т. 10, – № 4. – С. 20–38. Научнаяжизнь 154 Управленческое консультирование. – № 2 . – 2020. [Kirilenko V. P., Alekseev G. V. Political technologies and international conflict in the information space of the Baltic region / / The Baltic region. - 2018. - Vol. 10, - No. 4. - pp. 20-38. Scientific life 154 Management consulting. – № 2 . – 2020].
28. Кириленко В.П., Шамахов В.А., Алексеев Г.В. Свобода слова и медиабезопасность. – СПб.: Издательство СЗИУ РАНХиГС, 2019. [Kirilenko V. P., Shamakhov V. A., Alekseev G. V. Freedom of speech and media security. - St. Petersburg: Publishing House of the Russian Academy of Sciences, RANEPA, 2019].
29. Конституция СССР, 1977 [The Constitution of the USSR, 1977] http://www.hist.msu.ru/ER/Etext/cnst1977.htm.
30. Кудрявцев В. Н. Свобода слова : монография. – М.: Норма, 2019. [Kudryavtsev V. N. Freedom of speech: monograph. - M.: Norma, 2019].
31. Омашев Н. Жаһандану және ақпарат кеңістігіміздің қауіпсіздігі // Өнегелі өмір. Редакциясын басқарған Ғ.М. Мұтанов. – Алматы: Қазақ университеті, 2020. Ш. 195.
– 365 б. [Omashev N. globalization and the security of our information space // moral life. The editorial board was headed by G. M. Mutanov. - Almaty: Kazakh University, 2020, pp. 195-365.].
32. Свобода слова и медиабезопасность: монография / В.П. Кириленко, В.А. Шамахов, Г.В. Алексеев. – СПб, 2019. – 440 с. [Freedom of speech and media security: a monograph / V. P. Kirilenko, V. A. Shamakhov, G. V. Alekseev. - St. Petersburg, 2019 – - 440 p].
33. Смольяков А.А. Проблемы определения пределов свободы слова // Закон. Право. Государство. – 2018. – № 3 (19). – С. 12–21. [Smolyakov A. A. Problems of determining the limits of freedom of speech / / Law. Right. State. – 2018. – № 3 (19). – Pp. 12-21].
34. Шамақайұлы Қ. Журналист шығармашылығы.23 маусым, 2013 жыл. [Shamakayuly K. creativity of a journalist.June 23, 2013] // https://abai.kz/post/17229.
35. Эктумаев А.Б. Соотношение свободы слова и свободы информации. // Вестник Пермского университета: Юридические науки. – Пермь, 2011. – № 4 (14). – С. 45-51. [Ektumaev A. B. Correlation of freedom of speech and freedom of information. // Bulletin of the Perm University: Legal Sciences. - Perm, 2011. – № 4 (14). – Pp. 45-51] // https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/sootnoshenie-svobody-slova-i-svobody-informatsii/viewer.
References
1. "Oryssha-qazaqsha zańdyq túsindirme sózdik-anyqtamalyq. – Almaty: Jetijarǵy, 2008.
2. ÁshirbaevB. Poezıa – bul eliktemeýge elikteý // Qazaq ádebıeti, 22 qarasha, 2020.
3. Bagdikian B. The New Media Monopoly. – Boston : Beacon Press, 2004.
4. Banda F.Critical review of media development measurements: What are we measuring? In: Measuring Change II. Expanding Knowledge on Monitoring & Evaluation in Media Development / Jannusch A.S., Lansner T.R., eds. Bad Honnef, 12-14 October 2009. P. 39.
5. Burgess J. Evaluating the Evaluators: Media Freedom Indexes and What They Measure. Wayback Machine. National Endowment for Democracy, 2010.
6. Eryomin Alexey. (2020) Information Hygiene: Modern Approaches to Hygienic Evaluation of Content and Physical Signals of Information Carriers // https : // www.researchgate.net /publication/341235076 _Information_ Hygiene_ Modern_Approaches_to_Hygienic_Evaluation_of_Content_and_Physical_Signals_of_Information_Carriers_Informacionnaa_gigiena_sovremennye_podhody_k_gigieniceskoj_ocenke_kontenta_i_fizice. Kuban State Medical University.
7. Freedom of expression in Europe. Case-law concerning Article 10 of the European Convention on Human rights, 2007.
8. Freedom of speech the mass media (media) and the publicity of proceedings (2012) // https://sud.gov.kz/eng/content/freedom-speech-mass-media-media-and-publicity-proceedings
9. Gitlow v. New York, 268 U.S. 652 (1925) // https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/268/652/
10. Gitlow v. New York, 268 U.S. 652 (1925); Whitney v. California, 274 U.S. 357 (1927). The Brandeis and Holmes dissents in both cases were important formulations of speech and press principles. // https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution-conan/amendment-1/freedom-of-expression-speech-and-press#fn383amd1
11. Hallin D., Mancini P. Comparing Media Systems: Three Models of Media and Politics. New York : Cambridge UP, 2004.
12. Heyman S. Free Speech and Human Dignity. – Yale UP, 2008.
13. Information Hygiene: How Not to Contribute to a Culture of Clutter (2020) // https://gongos.com/thinking-post/information-hygiene-how-not-to-contribute-to-a-culture-of-clutter/
14. Keane J. Democracy and Media Decadence. – Cambridge UP, 2013.
15. Kramer M. Objectivity and The Rule of Law. – Cambridge UP, 2007.
16. Macovei M.Freedom of expression. A guide to the implementation of Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights, 2004.
17. Rosen J.A. Privacy, Property, and Free Speech: Law and the Constitution in the 21st Century. The George Washington University, 2013.
18. Schudson M. The Objectivity Norm in American Journalism // Journalism. 2001. – V. 2 (2). P. 149–170.
19. Sztompka P. Trust: A Sociological Theory. – Cambridge UP, 1999.
20. Taylor Ch. Modern Social Imaginaries. – Duke UP, 2004.
21. Yvonne M Burns. (1997) Freedom of expression under the new constitution // https://www.jstor.org/stable/23250307
22. BaturinYu.M., Fedotov M.A. Fenomenologiyayuridicheskogochuda: monografiya. – M.: ROSSPEN, 2012.
23. Isaev R.A., BorenovA.Yu. Svoboda slova v Rossii v usloviyakhprotivodeistviyaekstremizmu // Teoriyaipraktikaobshchestvennogorazvitiya. – 2015. – № 23. – S. 95–97.
24. KashkinS.Yu. Pravovoe regulirovanie primeneniya tekhnologi i iskusstvennogo intellekta i robototekhniki kak formiruyushchayasya novaya kompleksnaya otrasl prava v naibolee reprezentativnykh gosudarstvakh i mezhdunarodnykh integratsionnykh obedineniyakh: postanovka problemy // Vestnik Rossiiskogo novogo universiteta. Seriya: Chelovek i obshchestvo. – 2019. – № 3. – S. 134–144.
25. Kirilenko V.P., Alekseev G.V. Aktualnyeproblemyprotivodeistviyaprestupleniyamekstremistskoinapravlennosti // Vserossiiskiikriminologicheskiizhurnal. – 2018. – T. 12. – № 4. – S. 561–571.
26. Kirilenko V.P., Alekseev G.V. Legitimnostdemokratii v rabotakhMaksaVeberai Karla Shmitta // Pravovedenie. 2018. – T. 62, – № 3. – S. 501–517.
27. Kirilenko V.P., Alekseev G.V. Politicheskietekhnologiiimezhdunarodnyikonflikt v informatsionnomprostranstveBaltiiskogoregiona // Baltiiskii region. – 2018. – T. 10, – № 4. – S. 20–38. Nauchnayazhizn 154 Upravlencheskoekonsultirovanie. – № 2 . – 2020.
28. Kirilenko V.P., Shamakhov V.A., Alekseev G.V. Svoboda slovaimediabezopasnost. – SPb.: Izdatelstvo SZIU RANKhiGS, 2019.
29. Konstitutsiya SSSR, 1977. http://www.hist.msu.ru/ER/Etext/cnst1977.htm.
30. Kudryavtsev V. N. Svoboda slova :monografiya. – M.: Norma, 2019.
31. Omashev N. Jahandanýjáneaqparatkeńistigimizdińqaýipsizdigi // Ónegeliómir. Redaksıasynbasqarǵan Ǵ.M. Mutanov. – Almaty: Qazaqýnıversıteti, 2020. Sh. 195.
– 365 b.
32. Svoboda slovaimediabezopasnost: monografiya / V.P. Kirilenko, V.A. Shamakhov, G.V. Alekseev. – SPb.: IPTs SZIU RANKhiGS, 2019. – 440 s.
33. Smolyakov A.A. Problemyopredeleniyapredelovsvobodyslova // Zakon. Pravo.Gosudarstvo. – 2018. – № 3 (19). – S. 12–21.
34. Shamaqaıuly Q. Jýrnalısshyǵarmashylyǵy. 23 maýsym, 2013 jyl.// https://abai.kz/post/17229.
35. Ektumaev A.B. Sootnosheniesvobodyslovaisvobodyinformatsii. // VestnikPermskogouniversiteta: Yuridicheskienauki. – Perm, 2011. – № 4 (14). – S. 45-51. //https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/sootnoshenie-svobody-slova-i-svobody-informatsii/viewer
2. Әшірбаев Б. Поэзия – бұл еліктемеуге еліктеу // Қазақ әдебиеті, 22 қараша, 2020. [Ashirbayev B. poetry is an imitation of non-imitation / / Kazakh literature, November 22, 2020].
3. Bagdikian B. The New Media Monopoly. – Boston : Beacon Press, 2004.
4. Banda F.Critical review of media development measurements: What are we measuring? In: Measuring Change II. Expanding Knowledge on Monitoring & Evaluation in Media Development / Jannusch A.S., Lansner T.R., eds. Bad Honnef, 12-14 October 2009. P. 39.
5. Burgess J. Evaluating the Evaluators: Media Freedom Indexes and What They Measure. Wayback Machine. National Endowment for Democracy, 2010.
6. Eryomin Alexey. (2020) Information Hygiene: Modern Approaches to Hygienic Evaluation of Content and Physical Signals of Information Carriers / Информационная гигиена: современные подходы к гигиенической оценке контента и физических сигналов носителей информации //https : // www.researchgate.net /publication/341235076 _Information_ Hygiene_ Modern_Approaches_to_Hygienic_Evaluation_of_Content_and_Physical_Signals_of_Information_Carriers_Informacionnaa_gigiena_sovremennye_podhody_k_gigieniceskoj_ocenke_kontenta_i_fizice. Kuban State Medical University.
7. Freedom of expression in Europe. Case-law concerning Article 10 of the European Convention on Human rights, 2007.
8. Freedom of speech the mass media (media) and the publicity of proceedings (2012) // https://sud.gov.kz/eng/content/freedom-speech-mass-media-media-and-publicity-proceedings
9. Gitlow v. New York, 268 U.S. 652 (1925) // https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/268/652/
10. Gitlow v. New York, 268 U.S. 652 (1925); Whitney v. California, 274 U.S. 357 (1927). The Brandeis and Holmes dissents in both cases were important formulations of speech and press principles. // https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution-conan/amendment-1/freedom-of-expression-speech-and-press#fn383amd1
11. Hallin D., Mancini P. Comparing Media Systems: Three Models of Media and Politics. New York : Cambridge UP, 2004.
12. Heyman S. Free Speech and Human Dignity. – Yale UP, 2008.
13. Information Hygiene: How Not to Contribute to a Culture of Clutter (2020) // https://gongos.com/thinking-post/information-hygiene-how-not-to-contribute-to-a-culture-of-clutter/
14. Keane J. Democracy and Media Decadence. – Cambridge UP, 2013.
15. Kramer M. Objectivity and The Rule of Law. – Cambridge UP, 2007.
16. Macovei M.Freedom of expression. A guide to the implementation of Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights, 2004.
17. Rosen J.A. Privacy, Property, and Free Speech: Law and the Constitution in the 21st Century. The George Washington University, 2013.
18. Schudson M. The Objectivity Norm in American Journalism // Journalism. 2001. – V. 2 (2). P. 149–170.
19. Sztompka P. Trust: A Sociological Theory. – Cambridge UP, 1999.
20. Taylor Ch. Modern Social Imaginaries. – Duke UP, 2004.
21. Yvonne M Burns. (1997) Freedom of expression under the new constitution // https://www.jstor.org/stable/23250307
22. Батурин Ю.М., Федотов М.А. Феноменология юридического чуда: монография. – М.: РОССПЭН, 2012. [Baturin Yu. M., Fedotov M. A. The phenomenology of the legal miracle: monograph. - M.: ROSSPEN, 2012].
23. Исаев Р.А., Боренов А.Ю. Свобода слова в России в условиях противодействия экстремизму // Теория и практика общественного развития. – 2015. – № 23. – С. 95–97. [Isaev R. A., Borenov A. Yu. Freedom of speech in Russia in the context of countering extremism // Theory and practice of social development. - 2015. - No. 23. - pp. 95-97].
24. Кашкин С.Ю. Правовое регулирование применения технологий искусственного интеллекта и робототехники как формирующаяся новая комплексная отрасль права в наиболее репрезентативных государствах и международных интеграционных объединениях: постановка проблемы // Вестник Российского нового университета. Серия: Человек и общество. – 2019. – № 3. – С. 134–144. [Kashkin S. Yu. Legal regulation of the use of artificial intelligence and robotics technologies as an emerging new complex branch of law in the most representative states and international integration associations: problem statement // Bulletin of the Russian New University. Series: Man and society. - 2019. - No. 3. - pp. 134-144].
25. Кириленко В.П., Алексеев Г.В. Актуальные проблемы противодействия преступлениям экстремистской направленности // Всероссийский криминологический журнал. – 2018. – Т. 12. – № 4. – С. 561–571. [Kirilenko V. P., Alekseev G. V. Actual problems of countering extremist crimes / / All-Russian Journal of Criminology. - 2018. - Vol. 12. - No. 4 – - pp. 561-571].
26. Кириленко В.П., Алексеев Г.В. Легитимность демократии в работах Макса Вебера и Карла Шмитта // Правоведение. 2018. – Т. 62, – № 3. – С. 501–517. [Kirilenko V. P., Alekseev G. V. The legitimacy of democracy in the works of Max Weber and Karl Schmitt // Jurisprudence. 2018. - Vol. 62, - No. 3. - pp. 501-517].
27. Кириленко В.П., Алексеев Г.В. Политические технологии и международный конфликт в информационном пространстве Балтийского региона // Балтийский регион. – 2018. – Т. 10, – № 4. – С. 20–38. Научнаяжизнь 154 Управленческое консультирование. – № 2 . – 2020. [Kirilenko V. P., Alekseev G. V. Political technologies and international conflict in the information space of the Baltic region / / The Baltic region. - 2018. - Vol. 10, - No. 4. - pp. 20-38. Scientific life 154 Management consulting. – № 2 . – 2020].
28. Кириленко В.П., Шамахов В.А., Алексеев Г.В. Свобода слова и медиабезопасность. – СПб.: Издательство СЗИУ РАНХиГС, 2019. [Kirilenko V. P., Shamakhov V. A., Alekseev G. V. Freedom of speech and media security. - St. Petersburg: Publishing House of the Russian Academy of Sciences, RANEPA, 2019].
29. Конституция СССР, 1977 [The Constitution of the USSR, 1977] http://www.hist.msu.ru/ER/Etext/cnst1977.htm.
30. Кудрявцев В. Н. Свобода слова : монография. – М.: Норма, 2019. [Kudryavtsev V. N. Freedom of speech: monograph. - M.: Norma, 2019].
31. Омашев Н. Жаһандану және ақпарат кеңістігіміздің қауіпсіздігі // Өнегелі өмір. Редакциясын басқарған Ғ.М. Мұтанов. – Алматы: Қазақ университеті, 2020. Ш. 195.
– 365 б. [Omashev N. globalization and the security of our information space // moral life. The editorial board was headed by G. M. Mutanov. - Almaty: Kazakh University, 2020, pp. 195-365.].
32. Свобода слова и медиабезопасность: монография / В.П. Кириленко, В.А. Шамахов, Г.В. Алексеев. – СПб, 2019. – 440 с. [Freedom of speech and media security: a monograph / V. P. Kirilenko, V. A. Shamakhov, G. V. Alekseev. - St. Petersburg, 2019 – - 440 p].
33. Смольяков А.А. Проблемы определения пределов свободы слова // Закон. Право. Государство. – 2018. – № 3 (19). – С. 12–21. [Smolyakov A. A. Problems of determining the limits of freedom of speech / / Law. Right. State. – 2018. – № 3 (19). – Pp. 12-21].
34. Шамақайұлы Қ. Журналист шығармашылығы.23 маусым, 2013 жыл. [Shamakayuly K. creativity of a journalist.June 23, 2013] // https://abai.kz/post/17229.
35. Эктумаев А.Б. Соотношение свободы слова и свободы информации. // Вестник Пермского университета: Юридические науки. – Пермь, 2011. – № 4 (14). – С. 45-51. [Ektumaev A. B. Correlation of freedom of speech and freedom of information. // Bulletin of the Perm University: Legal Sciences. - Perm, 2011. – № 4 (14). – Pp. 45-51] // https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/sootnoshenie-svobody-slova-i-svobody-informatsii/viewer.
References
1. "Oryssha-qazaqsha zańdyq túsindirme sózdik-anyqtamalyq. – Almaty: Jetijarǵy, 2008.
2. ÁshirbaevB. Poezıa – bul eliktemeýge elikteý // Qazaq ádebıeti, 22 qarasha, 2020.
3. Bagdikian B. The New Media Monopoly. – Boston : Beacon Press, 2004.
4. Banda F.Critical review of media development measurements: What are we measuring? In: Measuring Change II. Expanding Knowledge on Monitoring & Evaluation in Media Development / Jannusch A.S., Lansner T.R., eds. Bad Honnef, 12-14 October 2009. P. 39.
5. Burgess J. Evaluating the Evaluators: Media Freedom Indexes and What They Measure. Wayback Machine. National Endowment for Democracy, 2010.
6. Eryomin Alexey. (2020) Information Hygiene: Modern Approaches to Hygienic Evaluation of Content and Physical Signals of Information Carriers // https : // www.researchgate.net /publication/341235076 _Information_ Hygiene_ Modern_Approaches_to_Hygienic_Evaluation_of_Content_and_Physical_Signals_of_Information_Carriers_Informacionnaa_gigiena_sovremennye_podhody_k_gigieniceskoj_ocenke_kontenta_i_fizice. Kuban State Medical University.
7. Freedom of expression in Europe. Case-law concerning Article 10 of the European Convention on Human rights, 2007.
8. Freedom of speech the mass media (media) and the publicity of proceedings (2012) // https://sud.gov.kz/eng/content/freedom-speech-mass-media-media-and-publicity-proceedings
9. Gitlow v. New York, 268 U.S. 652 (1925) // https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/268/652/
10. Gitlow v. New York, 268 U.S. 652 (1925); Whitney v. California, 274 U.S. 357 (1927). The Brandeis and Holmes dissents in both cases were important formulations of speech and press principles. // https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution-conan/amendment-1/freedom-of-expression-speech-and-press#fn383amd1
11. Hallin D., Mancini P. Comparing Media Systems: Three Models of Media and Politics. New York : Cambridge UP, 2004.
12. Heyman S. Free Speech and Human Dignity. – Yale UP, 2008.
13. Information Hygiene: How Not to Contribute to a Culture of Clutter (2020) // https://gongos.com/thinking-post/information-hygiene-how-not-to-contribute-to-a-culture-of-clutter/
14. Keane J. Democracy and Media Decadence. – Cambridge UP, 2013.
15. Kramer M. Objectivity and The Rule of Law. – Cambridge UP, 2007.
16. Macovei M.Freedom of expression. A guide to the implementation of Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights, 2004.
17. Rosen J.A. Privacy, Property, and Free Speech: Law and the Constitution in the 21st Century. The George Washington University, 2013.
18. Schudson M. The Objectivity Norm in American Journalism // Journalism. 2001. – V. 2 (2). P. 149–170.
19. Sztompka P. Trust: A Sociological Theory. – Cambridge UP, 1999.
20. Taylor Ch. Modern Social Imaginaries. – Duke UP, 2004.
21. Yvonne M Burns. (1997) Freedom of expression under the new constitution // https://www.jstor.org/stable/23250307
22. BaturinYu.M., Fedotov M.A. Fenomenologiyayuridicheskogochuda: monografiya. – M.: ROSSPEN, 2012.
23. Isaev R.A., BorenovA.Yu. Svoboda slova v Rossii v usloviyakhprotivodeistviyaekstremizmu // Teoriyaipraktikaobshchestvennogorazvitiya. – 2015. – № 23. – S. 95–97.
24. KashkinS.Yu. Pravovoe regulirovanie primeneniya tekhnologi i iskusstvennogo intellekta i robototekhniki kak formiruyushchayasya novaya kompleksnaya otrasl prava v naibolee reprezentativnykh gosudarstvakh i mezhdunarodnykh integratsionnykh obedineniyakh: postanovka problemy // Vestnik Rossiiskogo novogo universiteta. Seriya: Chelovek i obshchestvo. – 2019. – № 3. – S. 134–144.
25. Kirilenko V.P., Alekseev G.V. Aktualnyeproblemyprotivodeistviyaprestupleniyamekstremistskoinapravlennosti // Vserossiiskiikriminologicheskiizhurnal. – 2018. – T. 12. – № 4. – S. 561–571.
26. Kirilenko V.P., Alekseev G.V. Legitimnostdemokratii v rabotakhMaksaVeberai Karla Shmitta // Pravovedenie. 2018. – T. 62, – № 3. – S. 501–517.
27. Kirilenko V.P., Alekseev G.V. Politicheskietekhnologiiimezhdunarodnyikonflikt v informatsionnomprostranstveBaltiiskogoregiona // Baltiiskii region. – 2018. – T. 10, – № 4. – S. 20–38. Nauchnayazhizn 154 Upravlencheskoekonsultirovanie. – № 2 . – 2020.
28. Kirilenko V.P., Shamakhov V.A., Alekseev G.V. Svoboda slovaimediabezopasnost. – SPb.: Izdatelstvo SZIU RANKhiGS, 2019.
29. Konstitutsiya SSSR, 1977. http://www.hist.msu.ru/ER/Etext/cnst1977.htm.
30. Kudryavtsev V. N. Svoboda slova :monografiya. – M.: Norma, 2019.
31. Omashev N. Jahandanýjáneaqparatkeńistigimizdińqaýipsizdigi // Ónegeliómir. Redaksıasynbasqarǵan Ǵ.M. Mutanov. – Almaty: Qazaqýnıversıteti, 2020. Sh. 195.
– 365 b.
32. Svoboda slovaimediabezopasnost: monografiya / V.P. Kirilenko, V.A. Shamakhov, G.V. Alekseev. – SPb.: IPTs SZIU RANKhiGS, 2019. – 440 s.
33. Smolyakov A.A. Problemyopredeleniyapredelovsvobodyslova // Zakon. Pravo.Gosudarstvo. – 2018. – № 3 (19). – S. 12–21.
34. Shamaqaıuly Q. Jýrnalısshyǵarmashylyǵy. 23 maýsym, 2013 jyl.// https://abai.kz/post/17229.
35. Ektumaev A.B. Sootnosheniesvobodyslovaisvobodyinformatsii. // VestnikPermskogouniversiteta: Yuridicheskienauki. – Perm, 2011. – № 4 (14). – S. 45-51. //https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/sootnoshenie-svobody-slova-i-svobody-informatsii/viewer
Жүктелулер
Как цитировать
Ashirbayev, B., & Yuce, M. (2021). Сөз бостандығы мен ақпараттық гигиена – демократияның ең басты критерийі. Журналистика сериясы, 61(3). https://doi.org/10.26577/HJ.2021.v61.i3.07
Шығарылым
Бөлім
Ақпарат әлемі
