The impact of social networks on youth activity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26577/HJ.2022.v63.i1.06Abstract
The article explores the problems of using social networks for the formation of an individual's personality, the influence of social networks on the development of social activity of young people. The effectiveness of various forms of information exchange (public or anonymous) is evaluated.
The purpose of this article is to study the impact of social media on the social activity of young people, which includes billions of users in the global information space. Determining the inclination of young people to participate in specific social activities through the forms of expressing their opinions in social networks.
The value of the study lies in determining the ability of social media to change the worldview, life values and interests of the individual, develop new ideas and directions, and correctly form life guidelines.
The empirical basis of the study was the social research conducted by the Friedrich Ebert Foundation in Kazakhstan. The content of the accounts of Kazakhstani politicians, public figures, representatives of business and culture in social networks such as VK, Instagram, Facebook, Youtube and Twitter was also studied; a content analysis was carried out.
The study also used the results of survey conducted by the author of the article among students, undergraduates. An experimental survey aimed at determining the degree of influence of important social events on the activity of young people yielded unexpected results. It was revealed that meaningful and thoughtful in the form of implementation of online initiatives, petitions, increase youth activity in real public life. The main results of the study helped to identify the following pattern: people who use public and open placement of their opinions in social networks are more committed to real participation in public actions. Conversely, anonymous support for socially beneficial events reduces the commitment to further real actions.
At the end of the article, the following conclusions were formulated: the social activity of young people should be directed not only to a specific person, but also must serve the interests of the state and society. In general, the Internet and virtual communities play a positive role in solving social problems, problems among the youth.
Keywords: social media, slacktivism, online activity, youth, politics.
References
1. Ali, S., Asghar, A., & Mamoon, D. (2017). Political Activism in Generation Y: A Global Phenomenon. Journal of Eurasian Social Dialogue, 2(2), 9–18.
2. Beamish, A. (1995). Communities online: community-based computer networks / A.Beamish // Unpublished Masters thesis Ph.D. Dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. – p.163-170.
3. Campanelli, V. (2010). Web Aesthetics: How Digital Media Affect Culture and Society. / Amsterdam: Institute of Network Cultures, 2010. – p.274.ISBN 9789056627706
4. Castells, M. (2010, second edition). End of Millennium, The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture. / Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. – p.488. ISBN 978-1405196888.
5. Kim, A.J. (2000). Community Building on the Web: Secret Strategies for Successful Online Communities / A.J.Kim. – Berkeley: Peachpit Press, 2000. – 360 p.
6. Lovink, G. (2015). The World Beyond Facebook // Continuous Education: 21st Century. 2015. No. 2(10). – p.1-10.
7. Matyasik, M. (2014). Secure sustainable development: Impact of social media on political and social crises. Journal of Security and Sustainability Issues, 4(1), 5–16. https://doi.org/10.9770/jssi.2014.4.1(1)
8. Montgomery K., Gottlieb-Robles B., Larson G.O. (2004). Youth as E-Citizens: Engaging the Digital Generation / American University. School of Communication: Center for Social Media, 2004. – p.155. https://civicyouth.org/PopUps/YouthasECitizens.pdf
9. Moreno, I.L. (2004). Sociometry: Experimental Method and the Science of Society / M., 2004. – 320 p.
10. Morozov, Evgeny. (2012). Net Delusion: The Dark Side of Internet Freedom / NewYork: PublicAffairs, 2012. – p.449. ISBN 1610391063
11. Sisulak, S. (2017). Userfocus – tool for criminality control of social networks at both the local and international level, Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues 5(2): 297-314. http://doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2017.5.2(10)
12. Tilley, C.M., Bruce, C.S., Hallam, G., Hills, A.P. (2006). A model for the development of virtual communities for people with long-term, severe physical disabilities (Электронныйресурс) / C.M.Tilley, C.S.Bruce, G.Hallam, A.P.Hills // Information Research: freely available, international, scholarly journal. – 2006. Vol.11. – №3. Режим доступа: http://informationr.net/ir/ll-3/paper253.html
13. Wellman, B., Hampton, K. (2003). Neighboring in Netville: How the Internet Supports Community and Social Capital in a Wired Suburb / B.Wellman, K.Hampton // City & Community. – Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell, 2003. – Vol.2: Issue 4. – p.279-311.
14. Wenger, E. (2008). Communities of Practice. Learning, meaning and identify / E.Wenger. – Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2008. – 318 p.
15. Yessenbekova, U. M. (2018a). Television in the development of information society culture in Kazakhstan. // Media Watch. – Volume 9, Number 3. – 2018. – pp.411-417.
16. Yessenbekova, U. M. (2018b). Transformation of the functions of Kazakhstan television in the information society. // Media Watch. – Volume 9, Number 2. – 2018. – pp.203-208.
17. Yessenbekova, Ulbossyn M. and etc. (2020a). Role of Media in Addressing the Socialization Problems of the Younger Generation: The Case of Kazakhstan // Media Watch. –Volume 11 (2). –2020. – pp.348-355.
18. Yessenbekova, Ulbossyn M.,Kutym B. and etc. (2020b). The Cultural and Educational Mission of Kazakh Television // Journal of Communication Media Watch (India). –Volume 11 (4). – november 2020. – pp.721-727.ISSN 0976-0911/e-ISSN 2249-8818
19. Бондаренко, C.B. (2004). Социальная структура виртуальных сетевых сообществ [Текст]: дис. ... д-ра соц. наук: 22.00.04 / Бондаренко Сергей Васильевич. – Ростов на Дону, 2004. – 396 с.
20. Гордилов, A.B. (2011). Виртуальное общение и проблема саморегуляции информационно-коммуникативного поведения личности в интернет-сообществах (Электронный ресурс) / A.B.Гордилов // Социосфера. – 2011. Режим доступа: http://sociosphera.com/publication/conference/2011/105
21. Изместьева Е., (2015). Слактивизм: как лайки и репосты могут решать социальные проблемы (Электронный ресурс) / Теплица социальных технологий. – 2015. https://te-st.ru/2015/06/08/slacktivism/ (дата обращения: 12.09.2019)
22. Исабаева, С., (2012). За «клавой» мы все смелые. (Электронный ресурс) / Новостной ресурс Baursak. – 2012. http://baursak.info/?p=37316
23. Когель А.С., Фомичёв И.А., Бортников Н.А. (2017). Слактивизм как форма политической демобилизаци // Научное сообщество студентов XXI столетия. Общественные науки: Сборник статей по материалам VI международной студенческой научно-практической конференции. 2017. – №8(55). – с.21-26. URL: https://sibac.info/archive/social/8(55).pdf
24. Марков, Б.В. (2000). Демократия и Интернет / Б.В.Марков // Информационное общество. – 2000. – №6. – с.43-46.
25. Райбаева, А., (2012). Быть или не быть гражданской активности в Казнете? (Электронный ресурс) / ИТ-портал PROFIT. – 2012. https://profit.kz/news/8275/Bit-ili-ne-bit-grazhdanskoj-aktivnosti-v-Kaznete/
26. Римский, В.Л. (2009). Воздействие сети Интернет на социальную активность, формирование и развитие идентичностей / В.Л.Римский // Вестник общественного мнения. – 2009. – №1. – с. 85-97.
References
1. Ali, S., Asghar, A., & Mamoon, D. (2017). Political Activism in Generation Y: A Global Phenomenon. Journal of Eurasian Social Dialogue, 2(2), 9–18.
2. Beamish, A. (1995). Communities online: community-based computer networks / A.Beamish // Unpublished Masters thesis Ph.D. Dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. – p.163-170.
3. Campanelli, V. (2010). Web Aesthetics: How Digital Media Affect Culture and Society. / Amsterdam: Institute of Network Cultures, 2010. – p.274.ISBN 9789056627706
4. Castells, M. (2010, second edition). End of Millennium, The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture. / Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. – p.488. ISBN 978-1405196888.
5. Kim, A.J. (2000). Community Building on the Web: Secret Strategies for Successful Online Communities / A.J.Kim. – Berkeley: Peachpit Press, 2000. – 360 p.
6. Lovink, G. (2015). The World Beyond Facebook // Continuous Education: 21st Century. 2015. No. 2(10). – p.1-10.
7. Matyasik, M. (2014). Secure sustainable development: Impact of social media on political and social crises. Journal of Security and Sustainability Issues, 4(1), 5–16. https://doi.org/10.9770/jssi.2014.4.1(1)
8. Montgomery K., Gottlieb-Robles B., Larson G.O. (2004). Youth as E-Citizens: Engaging the Digital Generation / American University. School of Communication: Center for Social Media, 2004. – p.155. https://civicyouth.org/PopUps/YouthasECitizens.pdf
9. Moreno, I.L. (2004). Sociometry: Experimental Method and the Science of Society / M., 2004. – 320 p.
10. Morozov, Evgeny. (2012). Net Delusion: The Dark Side of Internet Freedom / NewYork: PublicAffairs, 2012. – p.449. ISBN 1610391063
11. Sisulak, S. (2017). Userfocus – tool for criminality control of social networks at both the local and international level, Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues 5(2): 297-314. http://doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2017.5.2(10)
12. Tilley, C.M., Bruce, C.S., Hallam, G., Hills, A.P. (2006). A model for the development of virtual communities for people with long-term, severe physical disabilities (Электронныйресурс) / C.M.Tilley, C.S.Bruce, G.Hallam, A.P.Hills // Information Research: freely available, international, scholarly journal. – 2006. Vol.11. – №3. Режим доступа: http://informationr.net/ir/ll-3/paper253.html
13. Wellman, B., Hampton, K. (2003). Neighboring in Netville: How the Internet Supports Community and Social Capital in a Wired Suburb / B.Wellman, K.Hampton // City & Community. – Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell, 2003. – Vol.2: Issue 4. – p.279-311.
14. Wenger, E. (2008). Communities of Practice. Learning, meaning and identify / E.Wenger. – Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2008. – 318 p.
15. Yessenbekova, U. M. (2018a). Television in the development of information society culture in Kazakhstan. // Media Watch. – Volume 9, Number 3. – 2018. – pp.411-417.
16. Yessenbekova, U. M. (2018b). Transformation of the functions of Kazakhstan television in the information society. // Media Watch. – Volume 9, Number 2. – 2018. – pp.203-208.
17. Yessenbekova, Ulbossyn M. and etc. (2020a). Role of Media in Addressing the Socialization Problems of the Younger Generation: The Case of Kazakhstan // Media Watch. –Volume 11 (2). –2020. – pp.348-355.
18. Yessenbekova, Ulbossyn M.,Kutym B. and etc. (2020b). The Cultural and Educational Mission of Kazakh Television // Journal of Communication Media Watch (India). –Volume 11 (4). – november 2020. – pp.721-727.ISSN 0976-0911/e-ISSN 2249-8818
19. Bondarenko, C.B. (2004). Sotsialnaia struktura virtualnykh setevykh soobshchestv [The social structure of virtual network communities] / Bondarenko Sergei Vasilevich. – Rostov na Donu, 2004. – 396 s.
20. Gordilov, A.B. (2011). Virtualnoe obshchenie i problema samoreguliatsii informatsionno-kommunikativnogo povedeniia lichnosti v internet-soobshchestvakh (Elektronnyi resurs) [Virtual communication and the problem of self-regulation of information and communication behavior of a person in Internet communities(Electronic resource)] / A.B.Gordilov // Sotsiosfera. – 2011. Rezhim dostupa: http://sociosphera.com/publication/conference/2011/105
21. Izmesteva E., (2015). Slaktivizm: kak laiki i reposty mogut reshat sotsialnye problemy (Elektronnyi resurs) [Slacktivism: how likes and reposts can solve social problems(Electronic resource)] / Teplitsa sotsialnykh tekhnologii. – 2015. https://te-st.ru/2015/06/08/slacktivism/ (data obrashcheniia: 12.09.2019)
22. Isabaeva, S., (2012). Za «klavoi» my vse smelye. (Elektronnyi resurs) [Behind the "clave" we are all brave(Electronic resource)] / Novostnoi resurs Baursak. – 2012.http://baursak.info/?p=37316
23. Kogel A.S., Fomichev I.A., Bortnikov N.A. (2017). Slaktivizm kak forma politicheskoi demobilizatsi [Slaktivism as a form of political demobilization] // Nauchnoe soobshchestvo studentov XXI stoletiia. Obshchestvennye nauki: Sbornik statei po materialam VI mezhdunarodnoi studencheskoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii. 2017. – №8(55). – s.21-26. URL: https://sibac.info/archive/social/8(55).pdf
24. Markov, B.V. (2000). Demokratiia i Internet [Democracy and the Internet] / B.V.Markov // Informatsionnoe obshchestvo. – 2000. – №6. – s.43-46.
25. Raibaeva, A., (2012). Byt ili ne byt grazhdanskoi aktivnosti v Kaznete? (Elektronnyi resurs) [To be or not to be civil activity in Kaznet(Electronic resource)] / IT-portal PROFIT. – 2012. https://profit.kz/news/8275/Bit-ili-ne-bit-grazhdanskoj-aktivnosti-v-Kaznete/
26. Rimskii, V.L. (2009). Vozdeistvie seti Internet na sotsialnuiu aktivnost, formirovanie i razvitie identichnostei [The impact of the Internet on social activity, the formation and development of identities] / V.L.Rimskii // Vestnik obshchestvennogo mneniia. – 2009. – №1. – s. 85-97.
2. Beamish, A. (1995). Communities online: community-based computer networks / A.Beamish // Unpublished Masters thesis Ph.D. Dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. – p.163-170.
3. Campanelli, V. (2010). Web Aesthetics: How Digital Media Affect Culture and Society. / Amsterdam: Institute of Network Cultures, 2010. – p.274.ISBN 9789056627706
4. Castells, M. (2010, second edition). End of Millennium, The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture. / Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. – p.488. ISBN 978-1405196888.
5. Kim, A.J. (2000). Community Building on the Web: Secret Strategies for Successful Online Communities / A.J.Kim. – Berkeley: Peachpit Press, 2000. – 360 p.
6. Lovink, G. (2015). The World Beyond Facebook // Continuous Education: 21st Century. 2015. No. 2(10). – p.1-10.
7. Matyasik, M. (2014). Secure sustainable development: Impact of social media on political and social crises. Journal of Security and Sustainability Issues, 4(1), 5–16. https://doi.org/10.9770/jssi.2014.4.1(1)
8. Montgomery K., Gottlieb-Robles B., Larson G.O. (2004). Youth as E-Citizens: Engaging the Digital Generation / American University. School of Communication: Center for Social Media, 2004. – p.155. https://civicyouth.org/PopUps/YouthasECitizens.pdf
9. Moreno, I.L. (2004). Sociometry: Experimental Method and the Science of Society / M., 2004. – 320 p.
10. Morozov, Evgeny. (2012). Net Delusion: The Dark Side of Internet Freedom / NewYork: PublicAffairs, 2012. – p.449. ISBN 1610391063
11. Sisulak, S. (2017). Userfocus – tool for criminality control of social networks at both the local and international level, Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues 5(2): 297-314. http://doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2017.5.2(10)
12. Tilley, C.M., Bruce, C.S., Hallam, G., Hills, A.P. (2006). A model for the development of virtual communities for people with long-term, severe physical disabilities (Электронныйресурс) / C.M.Tilley, C.S.Bruce, G.Hallam, A.P.Hills // Information Research: freely available, international, scholarly journal. – 2006. Vol.11. – №3. Режим доступа: http://informationr.net/ir/ll-3/paper253.html
13. Wellman, B., Hampton, K. (2003). Neighboring in Netville: How the Internet Supports Community and Social Capital in a Wired Suburb / B.Wellman, K.Hampton // City & Community. – Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell, 2003. – Vol.2: Issue 4. – p.279-311.
14. Wenger, E. (2008). Communities of Practice. Learning, meaning and identify / E.Wenger. – Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2008. – 318 p.
15. Yessenbekova, U. M. (2018a). Television in the development of information society culture in Kazakhstan. // Media Watch. – Volume 9, Number 3. – 2018. – pp.411-417.
16. Yessenbekova, U. M. (2018b). Transformation of the functions of Kazakhstan television in the information society. // Media Watch. – Volume 9, Number 2. – 2018. – pp.203-208.
17. Yessenbekova, Ulbossyn M. and etc. (2020a). Role of Media in Addressing the Socialization Problems of the Younger Generation: The Case of Kazakhstan // Media Watch. –Volume 11 (2). –2020. – pp.348-355.
18. Yessenbekova, Ulbossyn M.,Kutym B. and etc. (2020b). The Cultural and Educational Mission of Kazakh Television // Journal of Communication Media Watch (India). –Volume 11 (4). – november 2020. – pp.721-727.ISSN 0976-0911/e-ISSN 2249-8818
19. Бондаренко, C.B. (2004). Социальная структура виртуальных сетевых сообществ [Текст]: дис. ... д-ра соц. наук: 22.00.04 / Бондаренко Сергей Васильевич. – Ростов на Дону, 2004. – 396 с.
20. Гордилов, A.B. (2011). Виртуальное общение и проблема саморегуляции информационно-коммуникативного поведения личности в интернет-сообществах (Электронный ресурс) / A.B.Гордилов // Социосфера. – 2011. Режим доступа: http://sociosphera.com/publication/conference/2011/105
21. Изместьева Е., (2015). Слактивизм: как лайки и репосты могут решать социальные проблемы (Электронный ресурс) / Теплица социальных технологий. – 2015. https://te-st.ru/2015/06/08/slacktivism/ (дата обращения: 12.09.2019)
22. Исабаева, С., (2012). За «клавой» мы все смелые. (Электронный ресурс) / Новостной ресурс Baursak. – 2012. http://baursak.info/?p=37316
23. Когель А.С., Фомичёв И.А., Бортников Н.А. (2017). Слактивизм как форма политической демобилизаци // Научное сообщество студентов XXI столетия. Общественные науки: Сборник статей по материалам VI международной студенческой научно-практической конференции. 2017. – №8(55). – с.21-26. URL: https://sibac.info/archive/social/8(55).pdf
24. Марков, Б.В. (2000). Демократия и Интернет / Б.В.Марков // Информационное общество. – 2000. – №6. – с.43-46.
25. Райбаева, А., (2012). Быть или не быть гражданской активности в Казнете? (Электронный ресурс) / ИТ-портал PROFIT. – 2012. https://profit.kz/news/8275/Bit-ili-ne-bit-grazhdanskoj-aktivnosti-v-Kaznete/
26. Римский, В.Л. (2009). Воздействие сети Интернет на социальную активность, формирование и развитие идентичностей / В.Л.Римский // Вестник общественного мнения. – 2009. – №1. – с. 85-97.
References
1. Ali, S., Asghar, A., & Mamoon, D. (2017). Political Activism in Generation Y: A Global Phenomenon. Journal of Eurasian Social Dialogue, 2(2), 9–18.
2. Beamish, A. (1995). Communities online: community-based computer networks / A.Beamish // Unpublished Masters thesis Ph.D. Dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. – p.163-170.
3. Campanelli, V. (2010). Web Aesthetics: How Digital Media Affect Culture and Society. / Amsterdam: Institute of Network Cultures, 2010. – p.274.ISBN 9789056627706
4. Castells, M. (2010, second edition). End of Millennium, The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture. / Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell. – p.488. ISBN 978-1405196888.
5. Kim, A.J. (2000). Community Building on the Web: Secret Strategies for Successful Online Communities / A.J.Kim. – Berkeley: Peachpit Press, 2000. – 360 p.
6. Lovink, G. (2015). The World Beyond Facebook // Continuous Education: 21st Century. 2015. No. 2(10). – p.1-10.
7. Matyasik, M. (2014). Secure sustainable development: Impact of social media on political and social crises. Journal of Security and Sustainability Issues, 4(1), 5–16. https://doi.org/10.9770/jssi.2014.4.1(1)
8. Montgomery K., Gottlieb-Robles B., Larson G.O. (2004). Youth as E-Citizens: Engaging the Digital Generation / American University. School of Communication: Center for Social Media, 2004. – p.155. https://civicyouth.org/PopUps/YouthasECitizens.pdf
9. Moreno, I.L. (2004). Sociometry: Experimental Method and the Science of Society / M., 2004. – 320 p.
10. Morozov, Evgeny. (2012). Net Delusion: The Dark Side of Internet Freedom / NewYork: PublicAffairs, 2012. – p.449. ISBN 1610391063
11. Sisulak, S. (2017). Userfocus – tool for criminality control of social networks at both the local and international level, Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues 5(2): 297-314. http://doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2017.5.2(10)
12. Tilley, C.M., Bruce, C.S., Hallam, G., Hills, A.P. (2006). A model for the development of virtual communities for people with long-term, severe physical disabilities (Электронныйресурс) / C.M.Tilley, C.S.Bruce, G.Hallam, A.P.Hills // Information Research: freely available, international, scholarly journal. – 2006. Vol.11. – №3. Режим доступа: http://informationr.net/ir/ll-3/paper253.html
13. Wellman, B., Hampton, K. (2003). Neighboring in Netville: How the Internet Supports Community and Social Capital in a Wired Suburb / B.Wellman, K.Hampton // City & Community. – Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell, 2003. – Vol.2: Issue 4. – p.279-311.
14. Wenger, E. (2008). Communities of Practice. Learning, meaning and identify / E.Wenger. – Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2008. – 318 p.
15. Yessenbekova, U. M. (2018a). Television in the development of information society culture in Kazakhstan. // Media Watch. – Volume 9, Number 3. – 2018. – pp.411-417.
16. Yessenbekova, U. M. (2018b). Transformation of the functions of Kazakhstan television in the information society. // Media Watch. – Volume 9, Number 2. – 2018. – pp.203-208.
17. Yessenbekova, Ulbossyn M. and etc. (2020a). Role of Media in Addressing the Socialization Problems of the Younger Generation: The Case of Kazakhstan // Media Watch. –Volume 11 (2). –2020. – pp.348-355.
18. Yessenbekova, Ulbossyn M.,Kutym B. and etc. (2020b). The Cultural and Educational Mission of Kazakh Television // Journal of Communication Media Watch (India). –Volume 11 (4). – november 2020. – pp.721-727.ISSN 0976-0911/e-ISSN 2249-8818
19. Bondarenko, C.B. (2004). Sotsialnaia struktura virtualnykh setevykh soobshchestv [The social structure of virtual network communities] / Bondarenko Sergei Vasilevich. – Rostov na Donu, 2004. – 396 s.
20. Gordilov, A.B. (2011). Virtualnoe obshchenie i problema samoreguliatsii informatsionno-kommunikativnogo povedeniia lichnosti v internet-soobshchestvakh (Elektronnyi resurs) [Virtual communication and the problem of self-regulation of information and communication behavior of a person in Internet communities(Electronic resource)] / A.B.Gordilov // Sotsiosfera. – 2011. Rezhim dostupa: http://sociosphera.com/publication/conference/2011/105
21. Izmesteva E., (2015). Slaktivizm: kak laiki i reposty mogut reshat sotsialnye problemy (Elektronnyi resurs) [Slacktivism: how likes and reposts can solve social problems(Electronic resource)] / Teplitsa sotsialnykh tekhnologii. – 2015. https://te-st.ru/2015/06/08/slacktivism/ (data obrashcheniia: 12.09.2019)
22. Isabaeva, S., (2012). Za «klavoi» my vse smelye. (Elektronnyi resurs) [Behind the "clave" we are all brave(Electronic resource)] / Novostnoi resurs Baursak. – 2012.http://baursak.info/?p=37316
23. Kogel A.S., Fomichev I.A., Bortnikov N.A. (2017). Slaktivizm kak forma politicheskoi demobilizatsi [Slaktivism as a form of political demobilization] // Nauchnoe soobshchestvo studentov XXI stoletiia. Obshchestvennye nauki: Sbornik statei po materialam VI mezhdunarodnoi studencheskoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii. 2017. – №8(55). – s.21-26. URL: https://sibac.info/archive/social/8(55).pdf
24. Markov, B.V. (2000). Demokratiia i Internet [Democracy and the Internet] / B.V.Markov // Informatsionnoe obshchestvo. – 2000. – №6. – s.43-46.
25. Raibaeva, A., (2012). Byt ili ne byt grazhdanskoi aktivnosti v Kaznete? (Elektronnyi resurs) [To be or not to be civil activity in Kaznet(Electronic resource)] / IT-portal PROFIT. – 2012. https://profit.kz/news/8275/Bit-ili-ne-bit-grazhdanskoj-aktivnosti-v-Kaznete/
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Yessenbekova, U. M., Aldabergenova, Z. Z., Mamankul, A. A., Smailova, B. A., & Tolegenova, S. T. (2022). The impact of social networks on youth activity. Herald of Journalism, 63(1). https://doi.org/10.26577/HJ.2022.v63.i1.06
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Journalism: Society. Language. History. Policy. Law. Economy.
